20年战争终结!美军仓皇撤离阿富汗
伴随着最后一架C-17运输机于美国东部时间30日15时29分(阿富汗当地时间30日23时59分)从喀布尔国际机场起飞,美军在全世界面前演绎了一场“西贡2.0”,以此为这次稍显仓促的撤军行动画下句号。
当晚,最后一批美军撤离后,塔利班鸣枪庆祝。与此同时,阿富汗塔利班发言人穆贾希德宣布,阿富汗实现了完全独立。
美军撤离后,喀布尔的卡尔扎伊国际机场控制权留给了塔利班。在全国范围内,除了潘杰希尔省还在“北方联盟”的领导下进行抵抗外,塔利班已经控制了阿富汗全国。
至此,长达20年的阿富汗战争最终以美军仓皇败逃,塔利班重掌政权宣告结束,美国为此付出了2万亿美元和近2000名美军士兵丧生的惨痛代价,而留给阿富汗的,则是充满混乱的现状与不确定的未来。
As the last U.S. military plane took off from Kabul's international airport on August 30, 20 years after a U.S.-led invasion of the country.
A U.S. Central Command announced the completion of the troops withdrawal from Afghanistan and the end of the mission to evacuate American citizens, third-country nationals and Afghans during a news conference held by the Department of Defense on Tuesday.
Since August 14, the day before the Taliban regained control of Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan, the U.S. and its NATO allies had hurried to evacuate as many people from Afghanistan as possible before the pre-set deadline of August 31, by U.S. President Joe Biden.
Taliban spokesperson Zabihullah Mujahid held a press conference at Kabul airport following the complete withdrawal of U.S. troops on Tuesday. "Congratulations to Afghanistan... this victory belongs to us all," Mujahid said from the runway of the airport. "We want to have good relations with the U.S. and the world. We welcome good diplomatic relations with them all."
自26日喀布尔机场外发生自杀式炸弹袭击,极端组织阿富汗分支呼罗珊宣布发动这次袭击之后,美军已连续展开了两次打击报复行动。
当地时间27日,美军无人机在楠格哈尔省“定点清除”,致阿富汗分支成员两死一伤。
像这样致平民死伤的事件,在过去20年的阿富汗战争历程中并非个例。
就在撤军完成当天,美国国务卿布林肯发表讲话称,虽然美军已经撤离阿富汗,但是美国在阿富汗的工作并未结束,“美国在阿富汗的工作仍在继续,我们有下一步计划,并正在付诸行动。”布林肯表示,美国政府仍将会全力帮助阿富汗境内有意愿的人们离开,包括美国人、阿富汗人和第三国国民。
白宫官网也发布了美国总统拜登对于阿富汗局势的一份最新声明。拜登在声明中强调,世界将要求阿富汗塔利班遵守承诺,允许那些想离开阿富汗的人安全撤离,以及允许向阿富汗人民运送人道主义援助。
The U.S. military on Sunday carried out a drone strike targeting a vehicle in a residential neighborhood of Kabul, killing 10 civilians, the youngest of whom was only 2 years old, family members said.
The Pentagon claimed the airstrike was aimed at a suspected ISIS-K member who had posed imminent threats to Kabul airport.
In a statement, Capt. Bill Urban, spokesman for U.S. Central Command, said "significant secondary explosions from the vehicle indicated the presence of a substantial amount of explosive material," and "may have caused additional casualties."
Eyewitnesses at the scene told CMG there were no explosives in the car, and signs of a second explosion were not detected in its vicinity.
The devastating scene in this residential neighborhood is just a microcosm of the tragedies contributed by the U.S. military over the past 20 years.
The United States has suspended diplomatic presence in Afghanistan and will move operations to Qatar, Secretary of State Antony Blinken said Monday.
当地时间8月30日,联合国安理会以13票赞成,0票反对,2票弃权的结果,通过了关于阿富汗问题的决议草案,中国和俄罗斯投了弃权票。中国常驻联合国副代表耿爽在表决后的解释性发言中指出, 阿富汗近期乱局同外国部队仓促无序的撤出有直接关系。希望有关国家能够认识到,撤出不是责任的结束,而是反思和纠错的开始。
耿爽表示,有关国家应该吸取教训,切实尊重阿富汗主权、独立和领土完整,切实尊重阿富汗人民自主决定自身前途命运的权利,切实改变将自身模式强加于人的错误作法,切实改变动辄施压制裁甚至使用武力的霸道行径。有关国家应该为自己过去20年的所作所为负责,兑现对阿富汗和平重建的承诺,不能一边声称关心阿富汗人民福祉,一边却实施单边制裁;不能一边声称支持阿富汗加快经济社会发展,一边却扣押冻结阿富汗海外资产;更不能在阿制造巨大灾难后一走了之,却把责任推给阿邻国和安理会。外国部队过去20年在阿富汗的所作所为,包括美国、澳大利亚军队滥杀平民的刑责,绝不能一笔勾销,必须继续予以追究。美方近期对“伊斯兰国”进行的报复袭击造成无辜平民伤亡,我们呼吁美方不要对阿富汗平民聚集区进行无差别轰炸。
On August 30, the United Nations Security Council held an emergency meeting and voted on the draft resolution on Afghanistan.
Geng Shuang, China's deputy permanent representative to the UN, said during the meeting that the recent chaos in Afghanistan is directly related to the hasty and disorderly withdrawal of foreign troops.
He hoped that relevant countries realize that withdrawal is not the end of responsibility, but the beginning of reflection and correction.
Geng said that they should learn the lesson and earnestly respect the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Afghanistan and the right of the Afghan people to independently determine their own future and destiny. Wantonly slapping sanctions and exerting pressure solves no problem and will only be counterproductive, he said.
尽管战争已经结束,但外界对阿富汗当前局势及未来民众的权益仍充满担忧。目前阿塔已围绕妇女就业、教育等陆续公布了一些新政。
除此前宣布的对所有政府官员实施“大赦”,并鼓励女性加入政府机构外,阿塔表示未来将允许女性独自外出、接受教育和工作,但强调短期内该国职业女性仍必须待在家中,直到情况恢复正常。
当地时间29日, 塔利班高等教育代理部长哈卡尼宣布,将允许女性接受高等教育,但禁止男女合班。此外,哈卡尼还承诺大学将很快重新开放,高等教育部的教师和工作人员将获得工资。